ABSTRACT
Purpose: This study aims to construct a scale for measuring the spa hotel experiencescape in wellness tourism, clarify the mechanism through which wellness tourism experiencescape influences revisit intention and investigate the mediation roles of authenticity, memorability and organizational identification. Design/methodology/approach: This study conducted content analysis of interviews, online reviews and relevant articles and used the concept of experiencescape to interpret spa hotels' experiential environment. The stimulus-organism-response (SOR) model was used as the basis for introducing authenticity, memorability, organizational identification and revisit intention to investigate how wellness tourism experiencescape affects tourists' behavior. In total, 488 valid questionnaires were collected at Taiwanese spa hotel clusters. Findings: Four factors of spa hotel experiencescape were identified: health promotion treats, mental learning, unique travel experience and healthy diet. Existential authenticity-memorability and existential authenticity-organizational identification exerted full positive mediation effects in the relationship between wellness tourism experiencescape and revisit intention. Practical implications: This study provides guidance on experience design for spa hotels. It promotes the consideration of existential authenticity in wellness tourism design. Originality/value: The COVID-19 pandemic has raised awareness of wellness, drastically increasing the potential of the wellness tourism market. This study investigated the construction of wellness tourism experiencescape and its influence, and the findings can facilitate post-pandemic restoration of the wellness tourism industry. On the basis of SOR model, a chain mediation model was proposed to reveal the influence of wellness tourism experiencescape on revisit intention. Existential authenticity was discovered to play a crucial role in the relationship between wellness tourism experiencescape and revisit intention, which suggests that existential authenticity should be considered during service design and in marketing strategies for wellness tourism.
ABSTRACT
Whole-genome sequencing of upper respiratory tract specimens from patients with confirmed COVID-19 in Henan Province was performed to compare the performance of the Illumina and Oxford Nanopore sequencing platforms, thus providing a reference for whole-genome monitoring of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Ten samples from COVID-19 cases in Henan Province from June 2021 to January 2022 were collected and sequenced with Illumina and Nanopore high-through-put sequencing technology to obtain full genome sequences of the novel coronavirus, which were compared with the Wuhan reference sequence (Wuhan-Hu-1). Bioinformatics software (CLC) was used for sequence alignment analysis. Three of the ten samples were Omicron (BA.1) variants with 55,61 nucleotide variation sites. One sample was an Alpha (B.1.1.7) variant with 41 nucleotide variation sites. Six samples were Delta (8.1.617.2) variants with 35,42,47 nucleotide variation sites. The sequence identity of mutation sites in six samples was 100%, and the mutation sites in the S genome segment of seven samples were consistent. For samples with a Ct value < 33, both next-generation and third-generation sequencing achieved high genome coverage and sequencing depth. A significant difference in coverage was observed between second-generation sequencing and third-generation sequencing (t=-2.037, P < 0.06). However, the coverage at different time points of the third-generation sequencing did not significantly differ (F=2.498, P > 0.05). The needs for SARS-CoV-2 mutant detection could be met through use of either high-throughput sequencing platform. The identification of mutations in the novel coronavirus through Illumina high-throughput sequencing was more accurate, whereas Nanopore high-throughput sequencing technology could be used for rapid detection and typing of different novel coronaviruses.
ABSTRACT
PurposeThis study aims to construct a scale for measuring the spa hotel experiencescape in wellness tourism, clarify the mechanism through which wellness tourism experiencescape influences revisit intention and investigate the mediation roles of authenticity, memorability and organizational identification.Design/methodology/approachThis study conducted content analysis of interviews, online reviews and relevant articles and used the concept of experiencescape to interpret spa hotels' experiential environment. The stimulus–organism–response (SOR) model was used as the basis for introducing authenticity, memorability, organizational identification and revisit intention to investigate how wellness tourism experiencescape affects tourists' behavior. In total, 488 valid questionnaires were collected at Taiwanese spa hotel clusters.FindingsFour factors of spa hotel experiencescape were identified: health promotion treats, mental learning, unique travel experience and healthy diet. Existential authenticity–memorability and existential authenticity–organizational identification exerted full positive mediation effects in the relationship between wellness tourism experiencescape and revisit intention.Practical implicationsThis study provides guidance on experience design for spa hotels. It promotes the consideration of existential authenticity in wellness tourism design.Originality/valueThe COVID-19 pandemic has raised awareness of wellness, drastically increasing the potential of the wellness tourism market. This study investigated the construction of wellness tourism experiencescape and its influence, and the findings can facilitate post-pandemic restoration of the wellness tourism industry. On the basis of SOR model, a chain mediation model was proposed to reveal the influence of wellness tourism experiencescape on revisit intention. Existential authenticity was discovered to play a crucial role in the relationship between wellness tourism experiencescape and revisit intention, which suggests that existential authenticity should be considered during service design and in marketing strategies for wellness tourism.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTwo COVID-19 outbreaks occurred in Henan province in early 2022-one was a Delta variant outbreak and the other was an Omicron variant outbreak. COVID-19 vaccines used at the time of the outbreak were inactivated, 91.8%; protein subunit, 7.5%; and adenovirus5-vectored, 0.7% vaccines. The outbreaks provided an opportunity to evaluate variant-specific breakthrough infection rates and relative protective effectiveness of homologous inactivated COVID-19 vaccine booster doses against symptomatic infection and pneumonia. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study METHODS: We evaluated relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) with a retrospective cohort study of close contacts of infected individuals using a time-dependent Cox regression model. Demographic and epidemiologic data were obtained from the local Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; clinical and laboratory data were obtained from COVID-19-designated hospitals. Vaccination histories were obtained from the national COVID-19 vaccination dataset. All data were linked by national identification number. RESULTS: Among 784 SARS-CoV-2 infections, 379 (48.3%) were caused by Delta and 405 (51.7%) were caused by Omicron, with breakthrough rates of 9.9% and 17.8%, respectively. Breakthrough rates among boosted individuals were 8.1% and 4.9%. Compared with subjects who received primary vaccination series ≥180 days before infection, Cox regression modelling showed that homologous inactivated booster vaccination was statistically significantly associated with protection from symptomatic infection caused by Omicron (rVE 59%; 95% CI 13% to 80%) and pneumonia caused by Delta (rVE 62%; 95% CI 34% to 77%) and Omicron (rVE 87%; 95% CI 3% to 98%). CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 vaccination in China provided good protection against symptomatic COVID-19 and COVID-19 pneumonia caused by Delta and Omicron variants. Protection declined 6 months after primary series vaccination but was restored by homologous inactivated booster doses given 6 months after the primary series.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , United States , Humans , Vaccines, Inactivated , COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19/prevention & control , COVID-19 Vaccines , Retrospective Studies , Vaccine Efficacy , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
Purpose This study aims to construct a scale for measuring the spa hotel experiencescape in wellness tourism, clarify the mechanism through which wellness tourism experiencescape influences revisit intention and investigate the mediation roles of authenticity, memorability and organizational identification. Design/methodology/approach This study conducted content analysis of interviews, online reviews and relevant articles and used the concept of experiencescape to interpret spa hotels' experiential environment. The stimulus-organism-response (SOR) model was used as the basis for introducing authenticity, memorability, organizational identification and revisit intention to investigate how wellness tourism experiencescape affects tourists' behavior. In total, 488 valid questionnaires were collected at Taiwanese spa hotel clusters. Findings Four factors of spa hotel experiencescape were identified: health promotion treats, mental learning, unique travel experience and healthy diet. Existential authenticity-memorability and existential authenticity-organizational identification exerted full positive mediation effects in the relationship between wellness tourism experiencescape and revisit intention. Practical implications This study provides guidance on experience design for spa hotels. It promotes the consideration of existential authenticity in wellness tourism design. Originality/value The COVID-19 pandemic has raised awareness of wellness, drastically increasing the potential of the wellness tourism market. This study investigated the construction of wellness tourism experiencescape and its influence, and the findings can facilitate post-pandemic restoration of the wellness tourism industry. On the basis of SOR model, a chain mediation model was proposed to reveal the influence of wellness tourism experiencescape on revisit intention. Existential authenticity was discovered to play a crucial role in the relationship between wellness tourism experiencescape and revisit intention, which suggests that existential authenticity should be considered during service design and in marketing strategies for wellness tourism.
ABSTRACT
Using a three-prefecture, two-variant COVID-19 outbreak in Henan province in January 2022, we evaluated the associations of primary and booster immunization with China-produced COVID-19 vaccines and COVID-19 pneumonia and SARS-CoV-2 viral load among persons infected by Delta or Omicron variant. We obtained demographic, clinical, vaccination, and multiple Ct values of infections ≥3 years of age. Vaccination status was either primary series ≥180 days prior to infection; primary series <180 days prior to infection, or booster dose recipient. We used logistic regression to determine odds ratios (OR) of Delta and Omicron COVID-19 pneumonia by vaccination status. We analysed minimum Ct values by vaccination status, age, and variant. Of 826 eligible cases, 405 were Delta and 421 were Omicron cases; 48.9% of Delta and 19.0% of Omicron cases had COVID-19 pneumonia. Compared with full primary vaccination ≥180 days before infection, the aOR of pneumonia was 0.48 among those completing primary vaccination <180 days and 0.18 among booster recipients among these Delta infections. Among Omicron infections, the corresponding aOR was 0.34 among those completing primary vaccination <180 days. There were too few (ten) Omicron cases among booster dose recipients to calculate a reliable OR. There were no differences in minimum Ct values by vaccination status among the 356 Delta cases or 70 Omicron cases. COVID-19 pneumonia was less common among Omicron cases than Delta cases. Full primary vaccination reduced pneumonia effectively for 6 months; boosting six months after primary vaccination resulted in further reduction. We recommend accelerating the pace of booster dose administration.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Pneumonia , COVID-19/prevention & control , COVID-19 Vaccines , China/epidemiology , Humans , Immunization, Secondary/methods , SARS-CoV-2 , Viral LoadABSTRACT
WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS TOPIC?: Effectiveness of China's 2 inactivated vaccines (BBIBP-CorV and CoronaVac) against pre-Delta severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants ranged from 47% to over 90%, depending on the clinical endpoint, and with greater effectiveness against more severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). During an outbreak in Guangdong, inactivated vaccine effectiveness (VE) against the Delta variant was 70% for symptomatic infection and 100% for severe COVID-19. However, separate or combined VE estimates for the two inactivated vaccines against Delta are not available. WHAT IS ADDED BY THIS REPORT?: In an outbreak that started in a hospital, VEs of completed primary vaccination with inactivated COVID-19 vaccines against symptomatic COVID-19, COVID-19 pneumonia, and severe COVID-19 caused by the Delta variant were 51%, 61%, and 82%. Completed primary vaccination reduced the risk of progressing from mild to moderate or severe COVID-19 by 74%. VE estimates for BBIBP-CorV and CoronaVac or combined vaccination were similar, and partial vaccination was ineffective. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE?: Completed primary vaccination with either of the 2 inactivated COVID-19 vaccines reduces risk of symptomatic COVID-19, COVID-19 pneumonia, and severe COVID-19 caused by the Delta variant. Completion of the completed primary vaccination with two doses is necessary for protection from Delta.
ABSTRACT
Aim: We aimed to quantify the effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) on the prognosis of COVID-19. Materials & methods: A meta-analysis was conducted and the hospitalization, severe disease and mortality rates were assessed. Thirteen studies comprising of 4614 cancer patients with COVID-19 were included. Results: When compared with cancer patients without prior ICI exposure, patients with prior ICI treatment exhibited a higher rate of hospitalization (odds ratio [OR] 2.0, 95% CI 1.19-3.38, p = 0.01). However, the OR of severe disease and mortality in ICI exposed cases was similar to non-ICI exposed patients (OR 1.55, 95% CI 0.69-3.51, p = 0.29; OR 1.12, 95% CI 0.85-1.48, p = 0.42, respectively). Conclusion: It is uncertain whether prior exposure to ICIs increases the risk of severe disease and death, however the observed OR suggest a higher rate of hospitalization.
Lay abstract COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by a virus which affected people worldwide in 2020. It mainly attacks the lungs and causes symptoms such as, fever, dry cough, fatigue, etc. However, there is currently are no definite therapies for its treatment. Cancer patients are more vulnerable due to both the tumor itself and the anticancer treatment. At the same time, they are at higher risk of COVID-19 exposure due to the need for regular treatment and testing in hospitals. In this systematic review and meta-analysis we enrolled 13 studies. Firstly, we analyzed the rate of hospitalization, severe disease and death. Additionally, we studied the impact of immune checkpoint inhibitors on the outcome of cancer patients infected with COVID-19. Finally, our discussion focuses on what we can learn from the pandemic to provide guidance for clinical practice.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors , Humans , Prognosis , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
Objective: To compare the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of confirmed and excluded patients of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Henan province.
ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has strong infectious power, and multi-generation clustered cases are easier to be appearing. To understand the relevant characteristics of multi-generation clustered cases of COVID-19, the epidemiological description and analysis of multi-generation clustered cases reported in Henan province were performed. The clustered epidemics of COVID-19 with more than 3 generation were selected from the public health emergency management information system of Henan province, as of February 23, 2020. The basic characteristic of cases;regional distribution, time distribution, clinical type distribution and incubation period were analyzed.